We’ve published the 1.0 release of the TWIN Reference Architecture white paper, detailing the latest version of the technology behind TWIN.   

It’s a detailed, technically dense document, but it lays out the foundation for interoperable, scalable, and secure cross-border trade ecosystems. By leveraging open standards and decentralized trust on IOTA, TWIN enables transparent, auditable trade data exchange across borders while maintaining full data sovereignty.  

Key advancements in v1.0:  

• Standardized Data Plane – W3C Linked Data Notifications and ActivityPub enable provider-initiated updates, supporting use cases such as Digital Product Passports.  
• Interoperability by design – Full alignment with the Eclipse Dataspace Protocol ensures compatibility with IDSA, Gaia-X, and EU Data Spaces, reducing integration barriers and supporting ecosystem growth.  
• Automated data contracts – Exchanges follow a defined state machine with ODRL policies, enabling machine-mediated, enforceable agreements. 
• Decentralized identity and credentials – Using the IOTA Identity framework, TWIN supports verifiable credentials alongside standard identity solutions.  
• Streamlined, machine-readable catalogue – Full adoption of W3C DCAT v3 makes datasets easier to discover and synchronize across federated catalogues.  
• Refined adaptors – External, in-node, and hybrid models bridge legacy systems (like customs, logistics platforms, and eFTI) into TWIN dataspaces without replacing existing infrastructure.   

Read the full white paper here.